Motorcycle Marque Disambiguation

Makes and models from different manufacturers with the same or similar names

Acme

1. Acme & Rex-Acme 1902-1922 (UK)
2. Acme 1904 (AU)
3. Acme 1939-1949 (Sydney)

First appearing in English in 1560 the word Acme is from Greek, akmḗ, meaning "highest point, culmination".

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Advance

1. Advance 1906 (Queensland)
2. Advance 1905~06(South Australia)
3. Advance 1906-1912 (UK)

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Alba

1. Alba 1919-1924 (DE)
2. Alba by Nassetti 1953~57 (IT)
3. L'Alba 1924-1926 Milano
4. Alba 1913 - 1928 "Constructiones Metallurgiques" automobiles (FR)
5. Alba Regia 1955, Hungary

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Albatros

1. Albatros 1904~1912
2. L'Albatros Lyon 1904-05
3. Albatros St Etienne
4. Albatros 1922-1924 Great Britain (Cars)
5. Albatross Motor Car Company 1939 USA
6. Moto-Guzzi Albatros 1939 Italy
7. Albatross 1950s scooters, Dayton of London
8. Albatros St Etienne 1952~55

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AMO

1. AMO 1921-1924 (Munich)
2. AMO 1950-1954 Amo-Motoren-Gesellschaft (Berlin)
3. Amoretto of Argentina 1950s-1960s

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AMC

1. AMC (Chicago). 1912 - 1915
2. AMC Engines (Clermont-Ferrand) 1923-1957
3. AMC (Greenwich). 1937 - 1966
4. AMC (Karachi). 1990 -
5. AMC Fita 1953-1964
6. AMC (Valencia). 1952
7. AMC-TECH. 1994 -

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Armstrong

1. Armstrong CCM 1971-2024
2. Armstrong 1902
3. Armstrong 1913-1915
4. Armstrong and Co 1914 (Tricycles)
5. Armstrong Forks, 1950s, later built by Norman

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Astoria

1. Astoria 1934-1936 (Italy)
2. Astoria 1947-1958 (Italy)
3. Astoria 1923-1925 (Germany)

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Astra

1. Astra (Italy) 1931 to 1951 (or 1953)
2. Astra (Germany) 1923 to 1925
3. Astra Sidecars, Erwin Gens, Berlin, 1931

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Atlantis / Atlantic

1. Atlantic Berlin (DE)
2. Atlantic Brackwede (DE)
3. Atlantik Bamberg (DE)
4. Atlantis Kiel (DE)
5. Atlantis 1929-1932 (FR)
6. Derbi Atlantis (ES)
7. Sarolea 1950 Atlantic Twin
8. Aprilia 50cc Atlantic 50cc Scooter

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Atlas

1. Atlas Puteax (1900-1902)
2. Atlas Babycar
3. Atlas Coventry (1912-1914)
4. Atlas by Aston of Birmingham (1922-1925)
5. Atlas Leipzig-Gohlis (1923~1929)

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B&B

1. Bennett & Barkell (B&B)
2. B&B (Rossmoyne USA)
3. B&B carburettors.

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Bambi

1. Bambi 3-wheeler 1960s Argentina (Fulda)
2. DMW Bambi scooter
3. Beta 1971 49cc Bambi
4. CF 1971 Bambi
5. Bambi 3-wheeler by Aleu
6. Rivara Bamby Cross
7. HMW Bambi scooter

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Bianchi

1. Bianchi, Alfredo - Designer with Aermacchi
Alfredo Bianchi - Designer for Aermacchi, Astoria et al.
2. Edoardo Bianchi - Builder of Bianchi motorcycles

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Bison

1. Bison 1922-1925, Austria
2. Bison 1970s MX, Sweden
3. NSU Bison 2000 (DE)
4. Radior Bison 1954 (FR)

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Blitz

1. Blitz 57 was renamed to Rolifix in 1957 (DE)
2. Blitz 1925-1926 Germany, see Aufbau
3. Blitz-Karren by Borgward 1925-1926 (DE)
4. Motomel Blitz, Argentina
5. Blitz 1965-, Spain

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Blue Bell

1. Blue Bell by Wagener (South Australia), aka Bluebell
2. Blue Bell (Shepparton, Victoria)

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Bluebird

1. Bluebird (or Blue Bird) Victoria, AU
2. Bluebird 1920s (Wolverhampton UK)
3. Bluebird by Geer of Missouri
4. Bluebird bicycle built in Perth WA by Boans Ltd.

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BMP

1. BMP 1920-1925, Societè Brevetti Malasagna di Pinerolo
2. BMP 1930s-1965, BMP Buraglini, Menicucci, Perugia

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Butler

1. Butler, Edward 1884-1897 (UK)
2. Butler, Chris 1963-1966 (UK)
3. Butler, Henry Whiston Street Works, Derby, 1902-1903 (UK)
4. Butler, Portéous 1899 (France)
5. Butler & Smith 1950s BMW & NSU dealer (USA)

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Carbine

1. Carbine (Victoria)
2. Carbine 1910~1914 (Sydney)

A post on a bicycle forum suggests that perhaps Carbine of Victoria sold the name to the Sydney firm.

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Champion

1. Champion (Tas)
2. Champion (Saint Louis)
3. Champion (Tokyo)
4. Champion Trike

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Clement

1. Clément 1901, France
2. Clément-Gladiator
3. Clement 1922-1924, Great Britain
4. Clement-Garrard 1902-1905

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Colombo

1. Colombo 1950s (IT)
2. Colombo-O.C.M.A 1923-1925 (IT)
3. MC (Moto Colombo) 1930s (IT)

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Condor

1. Condor by Karstadt Germany, 1970s
2. Condor Courfaivre, Switzerland, 1901~1978
3. Condor of Deanshanger UK, 1902
4. Condor Germany 1953-1955
5. Moto Guzzi Condor 1938-1940
6. Lube Condor
7. Demm Condor moped 1979
8. AGV Condor (Netherlands)
9. Condor (Taiwan)
10. Kondor cars, Kondor-Fahrrad-Werke AG, Germany 1900-1902

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Corona

1. Corona 1901-04 (UK)
2. Corona 1902~1924 (Germany)
3. Corona by Meteor Manufacturing Co, 1920s

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David

1. David Microcars (Spain)
2. David by Casalini (Italy)

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Davis

1. Davis (AUS)
2. Davis (Los Angeles)
3. Davis 1911 GB
4. Davis Brothers 1924 GB

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De Luxe

1. De Luxe of Birmingham (UK)
2. De Luxe by Healing (AUS)

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Diamant

1. Diamant (Sweden)
2. La Francaise Diamant (France)1901-1954
3. Elite-Diamantwerke AG 1920s (Germany)
4. Diamond (UK)

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Diana

1. Diana 1953 (Portugal)
2. Diana (Italy)
3. Diana 1952-1954 (Germany)
4. Durkopp Diana
5. Durkopp Diana 1953-1957 (Germany)
6. Ducati Diana
7. Lady Diana Spagthorpe

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Dreadnought

1. Dreadnought (UK) 1902
2. Dreadnought (UK) 1915
3. Sears Dreadnought (USA)
4. Clincher Dreadnought tyres

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Eagle

1. Eagle-Tandem 1903-05 (UK)
2. Eagle 1912-13 (UK)
3. New Eagle 1901-05 (UK)
4. Royal Eagle 1901-1910 (UK)
5. Coventry-Eagle
6. Cushman Eagle
7. American Eagle
8. Aquila In English = Eagle

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Elite

1. Elite Sport 1950s (France)
2. Elite 1931 (Belgium)
3. Elite-Diamantwerke AG 1920s (Germany)

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Elliott

1. Elliott & Co 1904 (GB)
2. Elliott 1912-1935 (Payneham, SA)
3. Elliott (Paddington NSW) 1911-1914
4. Dunford and Elliot Birmingham, see Dunelt
5. Lake and Elliot 1904 (Essex UK)

A rider by the name of Elliot featured in cyling reports from 1903, apparently riding a pacing motorcycle.
N.B. Both Australian marques are spelled Elliott.

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Empire

1. Empire (St. Marys NSW)
2. Empire (Adelaide)
3. Empire (Melbourne)
4. Empire 1912 (London)

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EMW

1. EMW 1952- Eisenacher Motorenwerk (East Germany)
2. E.M.W. (Leipzig) 1925~1930
3. EMWE 1924-1925 (DE)
4. EMW - Eilenburger Motoren-Werk AG. Built cars 1909 to 1914
5. N.B. Eisenacher Motoren Werk was formerly a BMW factory. Post WWII, BMWs were manufactured in Eisenach and were renamed EMW. Eisenach was part of the GDR after 1949.

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Excelsior

1. Excelsior 1896-1965 (GB)
2. Excelsior (USA)
3. Excelsior-Bruneau 1904~07 (France)
4. Excelsior 1902-39 (Brandenburg)
5. Excelsior 1923-24 (Munich)
6. Motorwagenfabrik Excelsior, 1896 (Switzerland)

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Fama

1. Fama, Argentina
2. Fama by Blomme-Lecompte, Belgium
3. Fama, Germany
4. Fama, 1936-1940, Netherlands

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Firefly

1. Firefly Trials (UK) 1965-1970
2. Vincent Firefly
3. Firefly (AU)

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FMB

1. FMB Telaimotor Bologna
2. FBM 1951-57 (Fabbrica Bolognese Motocicli), engine manufacturer, Morini Minarelli
3. MFB, possibly related to FBM Telaimotor

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Flink

1. Flink (Sweden)
2. Flink by BFW 1920-1922
3. Flink Hilfsmotor 1950s

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Fulgor

1. Fulgor (Italy) 1922-1926
2. Fulgor (France) 1900s

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Fulgur
Fulgur is Latin for "Lightning"

1. Fulgur Trailers (France) 1930s
2. Fulgur Engines (France) 1900s
3. Fulgor by Ing. A. Neumann & Co., Vienna 1924-1938

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Gauthier

1. Gautier-Wehrlé 1894
2. Gauthier 1902
3. Gauthier, A. c.1905
4. Gauthier (Boudet) 1972-1980, Villefranche-de-Rouergue

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Gloria

1. Gloria 1912 - probably by Lurquin et Coudert (FR)
2. Gloria by Triumph 1932-33 (UK)
3. Gloria 1948-1955 (Italy)
4. Gloria Intramotor 1976-78 (Italy)

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Gnom

1. Gnom 1921-1923, motorcycle. Germany.
2. Gnom (JFG) 1949-1950, 3-wheel microcar. Germany.
3. A Gnom three-wheel microcar was built in the mid-60s by Vladimir Kozlov in the Soviet Bloc. It was very space-age.
4. Lada released a microcar named Gnom in the 1990s. Russia.

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GP

1. GP (Guzzi & Parodi) 1921
2. GP (Griffoni & Piccini) 1927

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Harris

1. Harris 1970s-2024
2. Harris Matchless 1987-1993
3. Harris of Coventry (1910)

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Hercules

1. Hercules 1908~1927 (Melbourne)
2. Hercules (Derby)
3. Hercules by Curtiss of Hammondsport, NY, 1903
4. Hercules 1903, H. Butler (GB)
5. Hercules 1912~1960 (Birmingham)
6. Hercules 1904-1950s (Germany)

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Heros

1. Heros 1923-1924 (Berlin)
2. Heros (H&R) 1921-1929 (Saxony)
3. Heros by Dohle 1950s

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HMW

1. HMW 1923-28 (Germany)
2. HMW (National) Germany 1950s
3. HMW Austria

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Ideal

1. Ideal Sidecars
2. Ideal-Express by Pachtmann & Schitz, Dresden
3. Ideal fahrradmotor Winterbach bei Stuttgart
4. Iresa Ideal 1957 (ES)
5. Beau-Ideal 1900s (GB)
6. L'Idéal engines by Bonin (FR)

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Invicta

1. Invicta Arthur Barnett 1913-1919 (UK)
2. Invicta of Clapham 1902-1906 (UK)
3. Invicta 1951-1956, Bologna
4. Invicta Cycle Car 1912
5. Invicta by Mantovani, Turino, 1903-1906
6. Mondial Invicta 49cc, ca 1952

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Imperia

1. Imperia 1923-1925, Austria
2. Imperia of Belgium 1903-1907, 1950s-1968. Factory closed in 1958, but mopeds were built with the Imperia badge until 1968.
3. Imperia of France. Manufacturer of sidecars. (Unverified)

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Ixion

1. Ixion of France, 1901~1905. Ixion engines were sold to other manufacturers including Komet of Germany and Allvelo in Sweden, and were built under license by Gillet Herstal, GEM of Denmark and others.
2. Ixion by Primus 1902-04. The Ixion built at Loughborough Junction, London was almost certainly built under license from Ixion of France.
3. Ixion of Birmingham. Manufactured 1910 to 1923 in Birmingham, and later in Smethwick, Staffordshire.
4. Ixion by New Hudson, 1930. In 1930, the Ixion brand reappeared as rebadged 250cc New Hudson sidevalves which they were having trouble moving in the very difficult market conditions. Using the Ixion marque enabled New Hudson to sell their stock at much more competitive prices. A forum post gives somewhat different information, "After 1923, New Hudson bought the Ixion name, and used it as a '2nd brand' to sell old stock models and engines into Europe. The Swedish Rex used a New Hudson engine with the Ixion badge on it."
5. Ixion, Australia
6. B.H. Davies (Ixion) There is no relation between any of these marques and Basil Henry Davies, the famous English motorcycle journalist whose nom de plume was Ixion.

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Jackson

1. Jackson & Kinnings 1900-1908 (UK)
2. Jackson (Two Australian marques, one at Horsham Vic)
3. Jackson 1902 (Horsham, Sussex GB)
4. Jackson R.L. 1919-1920, Pangbourne, Barkshire, and later in Birmingham
5. Jackson-Rotrax 1946~1976, Speedway (GB)

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Jones

1. Jones 1904 (Coventry)
2. Jones 1936 by G. H. Jones, Villiers
3. Jones, Dennis 1942-1958 250cc DOHC racer

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Kayser

1. Kaiser 1935
2. Kayser 1899~1903
3. Gritzner-Kayser 1901-1970s

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Komet see Comet

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Krause

1. Krause Trumpf 1955-58 (DE)
2. Krause Seitenwagen (DE)
3. Krause 1926 (DE)
4. Krauseco 1926-1939 (AT)
5. Krauser (DE)

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Lawson

Lawson 1900-1901. Infamous fraudster

Lawson 1948, Bishops Stortford, built a modified Ner-a-Car

Lawson Engineering 1976~1980, Zorplan tricycle based on the Puch Maxi

Leitch

1. Leitch ( Melbourne )
2. James N. Leitch (UK Cars)
3. Leitch (NZ Cars)
4. Leech (Ballarat Victoria)
5. Lech (Poland)

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Liberty

1. Liberty (AUS)
2. Liberty Engines 1913~1925 (Birmingham)
3. Liberty (USA)

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Lloyd

LMC & WA Lloyd

Your history of LMC states that LMC was founded in 1903. This is incorrect and confuses the two brothers W.A.(William Arthur) Lloyd and W.J.(Walter John) Lloyd. William Arthur Lloyd left Quadrant in 1903 and founded WA Lloyd Cycle Fittings Ltd making cycle parts and a few motorcycles under the WA Lloyd brand as you correctly state in your history of him. LMC was founded as Lloyd Motor Engineering in 1907 by Walter John Lloyd when he also exited Quadrant later in 1907 to make LMC motorcycles and also later the 'Overseas' marque. The confusion about the two brothers and their separate businesses goes back to a book by Erwin Tragatsch called "The Worlds Motorcycles 1894-1963" published in 1964 and repeated by Graces Guide who now have corrected the entry on their website by note.

I refer you to a definitive article written by the authoritative motorcycle historian Bob Currie and titled 'When Walter Went it Alone' and published in 'The Classic MotorCycle' magazine (pp.44-47) April 1988.

Ian Bade
Raumati Beach, New Zealand
29th March 2021

1. Lloyd (L.M.C.) 1907-1922
2. Lloyd, W.A. 1902-1903
3. Lloyd by Ottmar Cramer Germany, 1923-1926
4. Lloyd-Wagen and Lloyd Maschinenfabrik GmbH of Bremen - see also Goliath
5. William Lloyd's Dreadnought (UK) 1915
6. Lloyd of the Netherlands 1930-1931

See also Governor-Villiers and Dreadnought

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Lutece, Lutetia

1. Lutèce 1895
2. Lutèce 1921-1926, Colombes, Paris, by SECM
3. Lutetia engines, 1902-04, 1921-28. Echard of Neuilly-Sur-Seine
4. Lutètia 1924, Spain

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Magnet

1. Magnet (AUS)
2. Magnet 1901-1924 (Berlin)
3. Magneet (NL)
4. Antonin Magne 1950s (FR)

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Majestic

1. Majestic 1904-07 (UK)
2. Majestic 1931-1935 (UK)
3. Majestic 1929-1933 (France)
4. Majestic 1928-1931 (Belgium)
5. Matchless Majestic 650cc 1964
6. Flandria Majestic Moped 1957

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Mammut

1. Mammut 1925-33 (Nuremberg)
2. Mammut mopeds 1953-1956 (Bielefeld). Identical to mopeds sold by Meister and Phanomen
3. Mammut-Fahrrad-Werke GmbH 1924-1929 (Bielefeld)
4. Munch Mammut 1956-1990s

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Marlow

1. Marlow by Marloe 1920-1921, Marloe Motor Company of Bordesley, Birmingham
2. Marlow, E.S. 1921-1922, Warwick

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Martin

1. Martin 1902-03 (Aus.)
2. Martin (Croydon)
3. Martin (J)
4. Martin Conquest
5. Martin Moulet
6. Martin, Harry 1911~1921 (GB)
7. Martin-Comerford 1930-39 (GB)
8. Martin-JAP 1929-1957 (GB)
9. Martinshaw 1923-25 (GB)
10. Martinsyde 1919-1923 (GB)

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Mars

1. Mars 1904 UK
2. Mars 1922-1924 UK
3. Mars (Ma) 1903~1970s Germany
4. Mars Stella (DE) 1950s

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Massey

1. Massey 1913 (Aus.)
2. Massey Cycle & Motor Depot, 1913 (Benalla, Aus.)
3. Massey Motor Co 1923-1929 (GB)
4. Massey-Arran 1920-1924 (GB)

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Matador

1. Matador 1925-1926, C. Klose, Staßfurt, Germany
2. Matador 1923 to 1927 Bert Houlding Preston (GB)
3. Matador-Apparatebau (Franz Werner & Fritz Döring) 1920-1945, Marine engines, not motorcycle engines.

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Meteor

1. Meteor 1924-1926 (DE) (Two different makes)
2. Meteor, Prague
3. Meteor, Copenhagen. 1954~1967
4. Meteor Manufacturing Co 1920s (UK)
5. Meteore and Météore, (FR)

There were also numerous Meteor models produced by Vincent, Cotton, Iso, Rocvale, Royal Enfield, FMC, Universal and others.

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Monarch

1. Monarch ( Footscray Vic AU )
2. Monarch 1921 (Richmond, Vic, AU)
3. Monarch 1912~1921, Tyseley, Birmingham
4. Monarch 1898~ (Hartford, Conn. USA)
5. Monarch (J)
6. Monarch (Owego, N.Y. USA)
7. Monark (Chicago Il. USA)
8. Monark (Sweden)

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Morris

1. John Morris and Sons 1913-22
2. Morris 1902-05
3. Morris-Warne 1922
4. Morrison 1913

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Mountaineer

1. Mountaineer 1902
2. Mountaineer 1920-24 (Marsden)
3. Mountaineer 1910 (NZ)
4. Ducati Mountaineer 100cc 1966-67

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MT

1. MT 1925-1937 (AT)
2. MT 34 (IT)
3. MT by Muratore 1948-1953 (IT)
4. MT Maquitrans 1950-1962 (ES)

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Mumford

1. Mumford (AUS) - See also Firefly
2. Mumford Musketeer 3-wheeler by Brian Mumford, 1971-1994 (Gloucester, UK)

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Mustang

1. Italjet Mustang
2. Kreidler Mustang
3. Simonini Mustang
4. Mustang Motorcycle Corp. Glendale, Colorado. 1949~1951

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National

1. National (AUS) 1914
2. National (Tasmania)
3. HMW (National) (Germany)
4. National 1907 (Norway)
5. National (USA)

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New Era

1. New Era 1908~1924 New Era Motor Co of Lonsdale Road, West Kilburn, London, and later in Liverpool.
2. New Era Auto Cycle Co, 1912 (USA)

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OK

1. OK 1899-1926, Humphries and Dawes, (GB)
2. OK 1950s (Sweden)

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Orion

1. Orionette Germany (Orion) 1920s
2. Orion France (c1908-1930)
3. Orione Italy 1923-1933
4. Orion Czech, established 1859

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Osborn

1. Osborn 1901-1909. John Osborn, forerunner of OEC (GB)
2. Osborne 1908~1911, Lincoln (GB)

See also OEC Disambiguation

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Panther

1. Panther P&M 1900-1965 (UK)
2. La Panthere (FR)
3. Panther of Magdeburg 1903-1907 (DE)
4. Panther (Pantherwerke) 1933-1963 (DE)

See also Panther Derivatives and Non-P&M Panthers

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Patria

1. Patria (ES)
2. Patria-WKC (DE)

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Peerless

1. Peerless (AUS)
2. Peerless 1913-14 (UK)
3. Peerless 1902-1908 (UK)
4. Peerless Cyclecars 1913 (UK)
5. Peerless (Boston)
6. Peerless-SD (New York)
7. Grindlay-Peerless

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Pegasus

1. Pegasus 1980s (DE). Built by Kynast, marketed by ZEG.
2. Pegaso 1956-1961 (IT)
3. Pegasus by DKR, Pendeford Airport (UK)
4. Pe´gasee´ auto by Etienne D'Arbouval. Reputedly found abandoned on the hospital steps. 1920 (FR)
5. Pegaso auto by ENASA, 1951-1952 (ES)
6. Aprilia Pegaso (IT)

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Perfecta

1. Perfecta 1899 (France)
2. Perfecta (Portugal)
3. Perfecta 1946-1950 (Switzerland)

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Petrel

1. Petrel 1903 (AUS)
2. Petrel Motor Car Co. Milwaukee

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Premier

1. Premier 1908-1916 (UK)
2. Premier Motor Co Birmingham. Produced the Premo Motorcycle in 1909
3. Coventry-Premier (UK)
4. Premier of Czechoslovia
5. Premier of Germany

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Progress

1. Progress Cycle Co 1900-1905, Coventry
2. Progress 1900-1905, Berlin
3. Progress/Strolch 1950s (DE)

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Puma

1. Puma (Argentina)
2. Puma by Giuseppe Trubiani of Villa Potenza (Macerata), 1950s
3. Puma by Emilio Carra, Milan, 1980s
4. Soriano Puma 1947-49, Spain
5. Puma Trials by CCE, UK

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Reeves

1. Reeve ( AUS )
2. Reeves ( AUS )
3. Frank A. Reeve Co., Montclair, New Jersey 1911
4. Reeves Engineering Developments, Grantham, Lincolnshire
5. The Reeves Pulley Co., Columbus, Indiana

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Royal

British

1. Royal Ajax 1904-06
2. Royal Boscombe 1901-02
3. Royal Cavendish 1907
4. Royal Consort 1906
5. Royal Defiance 1901-04
6. Royal Eagle 1901-10
7. Royal Enfield
8. Royal George 1901-03
9. Royal Mail 1902-03
10. Royal Ruby 1911-1933
11. Royal Roebuck 1902-03
12. Royal Rydal 1903-04
13. Royal Scot 1922-24
14. Royal Sovereign 1903-04
15. Royal Wellington

French

1. Royal
2. Royal (Objat FR) 1953
3. Royal-Dollar
4. Royal Fabric
5. Royal-Moto 1925~1929
6. Royal Moto 1970s
7. Royal-Sport
8. Royal-Velo 1926

Others

1. Royal Tasman Triumph (AUS) 1917
2. Royal (Mitte DE) 1902
3. Royal Seittenwagen DE
4. Royal (DE) Haussherr 1904
5. Royal (Basel, Switzerland) 1900-1912
6. Royal (NY, then MA, USA) 1901~1910
7. Royal Express (NL)
8. Royal Hispania
9. Royal Nord (Hasselt)
10. Royal Nord (Léopoldville)
11. Royal Nelly (BE)
12. Royal Prince (Italy)
13. Royal Standard (Swiss) 1928-1932
14. Royal Start (Belgium)

N.B. Terms referring to royalty abound in the motorcycle world, and were very popular in Australia where, to this day, the Governor General can request that the British monarch dismiss the elected leader of the country. This actually happened in 1974. In 2014 an Australian prime minister knighted Prince Philip, a bewildering act which caused much derision. Later seen by millions eating a raw, unpeeled onion on national television, Tony Abbott has some distinct similarities to King George III. Abbott, a "10 Pound Pom" (an assisted passage immigrant from England who arrived by boat), boasted frequently that he had "turned back the boats", and sent refugees to offshore detention camps where they were incarcerated indefinitely in inhumane conditions, with some being returned to the horrors they had fled. They suffered terribly, particularly the children. Many died. The UN has condemned Australia for its actions.

When Rupert Murdoch turned on him, Tony Abbott's political party performed a Brutus act and replaced him with a multi-millionaire who avoided tax by keeping much of his wealth in a Cayman Islands tax haven. Tony, a strong Brexit supporter, was deported repatriated to the United Kingdom to help with its destruction.

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Rupp & Ruppe

1. Rupp 1928-1932
2. Ruppe 1928-1932. It is believed the firm was founded by Hugo Ruppe in 1914 as a bicycle manufacturer, Rupp Fahrzeugbau AG.
3. Rupp USA. There was a Rupp built in the United States in the 1970s (quite a story).

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Rush

1. Rush (AUS) 1901 to 1905
2. Rush Belgium

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Saturn

1. Saturn 1921-1927, Steudel-Werke of Germany
2. Saturn 1925-1926 (UK)
3. Saturn of Gamlakarleby, Finland
4. Rocvale Saturne by Sicma, c.1975

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Scootacar

1. Scootacar by Hunslet 1958-1964
2. Rytecraft Scootacar 1930s

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Singer

1. Singer (St Etienne, France) 1950s-1960s
2. Singer (UK) 1904-1914

There were two French bicycle marques named Singer, easily confused. Discussion here: velo-singer-st-etienne

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Spartan

1. Spartan UK
2. Sparton (Wales)
3. Sporton AU

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Southern Cross

1. Southern Cross (Sydney)
2. Southern Cross (Toowoomba)
3. Southern Cross (Manchester, UK)

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Speedwell

1. Speedwell NSW 1904~1915
2. Speedwell (Warwickshire UK) 1909

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Sphinx

1. Sphinx (AU) 1903-1912
2. Sphinx (FR) 1899
3. Sphinx Cyclecars 1912-1925 (FR)
4. Sphinx Velomoteurs 1933~1939 (Paris)
5. Sphynx (BE) 1923-1929
6. Sphinx automobiles (DE) 1920s

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Stainless

1. Molnar by Stainless Engineering Co of Preston in Lancashire, 1997-2024
2. Stainless of Lyon 1930s to 1950s
3. A Stainless flat-twin engine is fitted to a Zenith in the Thomson Museum in Palmerston North, New Zealand. Embossed on the crankcase is "Stainless Motor Co Ltd / Stainless England"

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Standard

1. Standard, Germany 1922-1924, built small two strokes.
2. Standard, Germany & Switzerland, 1925-c1955
3. Standard, Scandinavia - Testi mopeds and motorcycles..

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Talbot

1. Talbot (Wolverhampton) 1903
2. Talbot, H.J. (London) 1950
3. Talbot (Paris) 1953-1958

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Titan

1. Titan Cycle 1973-1990 (San Marino)
2. Titan 1926-1932 (Austria)
3. Titan (Portugal)
4. Titan Mopeds (Switzerland)
5. Titan (Phoenix AZ)
6. Titano - Motocarro by Rondine of Madrid, 1950s

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Turner

1. Turner (AUS) 1914~1919
2. Turner (NL)
3. Turner (Philadelphia)
4. Turner Byvan (UK)
5. Turner Special (UK)

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Typhoon

1. Typhoon (NL)
2. Typhoon (Sweden)
3. Matchless Typhoon
4. Giulietta Typhoon
5. Maico Typhoon (Taifun)
6. Tonkin Typhoon

The Typhoon model name was also used by Rickman, DKW, DMW, Gilera, Piaggio and others.

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Union

1. Union Holland
2. Union engines, British
3. Zweirad-Union Motorrad, Germany

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Vis

1. Vis Berlin, built the Wegro 1922-1923.
2. VIS Aktiengesellschaft 1923-1926 (Munich)
3. VIS by Gazzi of Milan, 1920 to 1925.

Walter

1. Walter 1903 to 1942, Germany
2. Walter 1900-1949, Czech
3. Valter 1896~1902, France
4. Walter Sidecars, Germany

Watson

1. Watson (UK) Ashford, 1904-06
2. Watson 1905 Adelaide AU
3. Watson c1910 Sydney AU

Whippet

1. Whippet 1903-1905 London
2. Whippet 1920 by Hayward and Co. of Twickenham
3. The legendary Spagthorpe Whippet.

Yankee

1. Yankee Twin, built in NY USA using a 500cc Ossa-based engine, early 1970s.
2. Yankee Peddler, moped built by FMB Telaimotor in Italy, marketed in the USA c1977-1979 possibly by Besser Marketing of Rhode Island.

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